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Effects of iodized oil on trivalent oral polio vaccine in vitro
J H Bruning1, F W van Nimwegen, P Oostvogel
1Rijks-Instituut voor Volksgezondheid, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Iodine deficiency can be effectively reversed by administration of iodized oil (IO). Since 1989, the WHO Expanded Programme on Immunization recommended delivery of oral IO along with vaccines, in appropriate situations. However, administration of IO at the same time as trivalent oral polio vaccine (TOPV) has not been recommended because of absence of studies addressing potential harmful effects of iodized oil on immuno-responses to TOPV. In this study an in-vitro cell culture system was used to measure possible adverse effects of IO on TOPV. The system itself was shown not to be influenced by either IO or a standard non-iodized oil (NIO). However, marked effects of IO on virus infectivity was measured when a 50% mixture of IO and TOPV was incubated for 48 h at 37 degrees C, as compared to incubation without IO. Clear differences were found in effects of IO on vaccines of different sources, suggesting differences in composition of these vaccines, e.g. in stabilizers. Principally Sabin 3 appeared susceptible to IO under the given extreme conditions. Pre-dilution of the IO-TOPV mixture prior to incubation clearly reduced the effects of IO on virus infectivity Inoculation of the IO/TOPV-mixture directly onto susceptible cells, a model approaching the in vivo situation, resulted in no detrimental effects on virus infectivity. Further studies are planned looking at interactions of iodized oil and TOPV in children at immunization contacts.
Iodine deficiency can be effectively reversed by administration of iodized oil (IO). Since 1989, the WHO Expanded Programme on Immunization recommended delivery of oral IO along with vaccines, in appropriate situations. However, administration of IO at the same time as trivalent oral polio vaccine (TOPV) has not been recommended because of absence of studies addressing potential harmful effects of iodized oil on immuno-responses to TOPV. In this study an in-vitro cell culture system was used to measure possible adverse effects of IO on TOPV. The system itself was shown not to be influenced by either IO or a standard non-iodized oil (NIO). However, marked effects of IO on virus infectivity was measured when a 50% mixture of IO and TOPV was incubated for 48 h at 37 degrees C, as compared to incubation without IO. Clear differences were found in effects of IO on vaccines of different sources, suggesting differences in composition of these vaccines, e.g. in stabilizers. Principally Sabin 3 appeared susceptible to IO under the given extreme conditions. Pre-dilution of the IO-TOPV mixture prior to incubation clearly reduced the effects of IO on virus infectivity Inoculation of the IO/TOPV-mixture directly onto susceptible cells, a model approaching the in vivo situation, resulted in no detrimental effects on virus infectivity. Further studies are planned looking at interactions of iodized oil and TOPV in children at immunization contacts.