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Natural strabismus in monkeys: accommodative errors assessed by photorefraction and their relationship to convergence
M W Quick1, J D Newbern, R G Boothe
1Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322.
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
|November 1, 1994
Summary
Strabismic monkeys showed normal eye focusing but abnormal links between accommodation and vergence. These synkinesis abnormalities may predispose young animals to developing strabismus.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Neuroscience
- Animal Models
Background:
- Strabismus, or eye misalignment, is a common condition affecting visual development.
- Understanding the relationship between accommodation (focusing) and vergence (eye teaming) is crucial for strabismus research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the accommodation and accommodative convergence relationships in monkeys with naturally occurring strabismus.
- To determine if abnormal accommodation or vergence synkinesis contributes to strabismus development.
Main Methods:
- Photorefraction was used to measure accommodative responses in each eye under monocular and binocular conditions.
- Vergence state was assessed and compared with accommodative responses.
- Monkeys with natural strabismus syndromes were studied.
Main Results:
- Accommodation was accurate under monocular viewing, except for one myopic eye.
- Consensual accommodative responses were observed between the two eyes.
- Abnormally low accommodative convergence ratios (AC:A) were found in some strabismus syndromes, while others showed excessively high ratios.
Conclusions:
- No direct link was found between accommodation errors and strabismus in the monkeys.
- Abnormalities in the accommodative convergence crosslink gain were identified in some animals.
- These synkinesis abnormalities may predispose individuals to strabismus, particularly during early development when fusional vergence is weak.