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Related Experiment Videos

Evolutionary relationships among ammonia- and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria

A Teske1, E Alm, J M Regan

  • 1Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.

Journal of Bacteriology
|November 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

This study used 16S rRNA sequencing to analyze ammonia- and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, revealing their phylogenetic relationships within the Proteobacteria. Findings clarify nitrifier diversity and evolutionary origins.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Molecular Phylogenetics

Background:

  • Ammonia- and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria are crucial for nitrification in diverse ecosystems.
  • Understanding their phylogenetic diversity is key to comprehending microbial evolution and function.
  • Previous studies using 16S rRNA sequencing have begun to elucidate nitrifier relationships.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the phylogenetic relationships among selected strains of ammonia- and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria.
  • To compare the diversity within the genera Nitrobacter, Nitrospira, and Nitrospina.
  • To correct errors in existing 16S rRNA sequence databases for specific nitrifier strains.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
  • Phylogenetic analysis of bacterial strains.

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  • Database comparison and sequence correction.

    • Main Results:

    • All studied ammonia- and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria belong to the phylum Proteobacteria.
    • Nitrobacter strains form a distinct group within the alpha subdivision.
    • Nitrospira and Nitrospina are affiliated with the delta subdivision but not closely related to each other.
    • Ammonia-oxidizing genera (excluding Nitrosococcus oceanus) form a monophyletic group within the beta subdivision.
    • Errors in deposited sequences for Nitrosolobus multiformis and Nitrospira briensis were identified and corrected.

    Conclusions:

    • The phylogenetic analysis clarifies the relationships among key nitrifying bacteria.
    • Nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in the alpha and gamma subdivisions likely evolved from photosynthetic ancestors.
    • Nitrifier evolution suggests a derivation from photosynthetic lineages rather than an ancestral nitrifying phenotype.