CT and MRI of Gorham syndrome

Gorham syndrome, also known as massive osteolysis or vanishing bone, is a rare disorder (135 cases reported) leading to extensive loss of bony matrix, replaced by proliferating thin-walled vascular channels. Three histologically proven cases of the disease are reported, including the clinical presentation and modern imaging features with CT (with 3D reconstruction) as well as T1- and T2-weighted MRI. Two cases in young women were located in the pelvis with extensive osteolysis reaching to the acetabulum. The third case in a 2-month-old boy is the youngest case ever reported and involved the humerus. The radiological appearance of the disease is discussed and the importance of the modern imaging methods debated.