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Hand strength: normative values

C A Crosby1, M A Wehbé, B Mawr

  • 1Pennsylvania Hand Center, Bryn Mawr 19010.

The Journal of Hand Surgery
|July 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Normal hand strength varies by sex, with men exhibiting greater grip strength than women. Dominant hands are typically stronger, though this varies in left-handed individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Kinesiology
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Understanding normative hand strength is crucial for diagnosing impairments.
  • Assessing grip and pinch strength provides insights into hand function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish normal hand grip and pinch strength values.
  • To investigate differences between dominant and nondominant hands.
  • To identify factors influencing hand strength.

Main Methods:

  • Tested 214 volunteers using a calibrated Jamar dynamometer and pinch gauge.
  • Measured grip strength at five levels and assessed key and pulp pinch.
  • Collected data on height, weight, sex, hand dominance, and hobby demands.

Main Results:

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  • Mean maximum grip strength was 81 lb for women and 137 lb for men.
  • Key pinch averaged 22% and pulp pinch averaged 16% of maximum grip.
  • Right-handed individuals showed 10% greater strength in their dominant hand; left-handed individuals showed no significant difference, with the nondominant hand stronger in 50% of cases.

Conclusions:

  • Sex and hand dominance significantly impact grip strength.
  • Normative data provide a benchmark for clinical assessment.
  • Factors like hobbies may influence hand strength.