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Neutralizing antibodies against sequential autologous human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates after
The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|November 1, 1994
Summary
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) evolution after infection shows viral variants escaping immune neutralization. This viral escape correlates with increased disease progression and reduced macrophage tropism.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection triggers complex viral evolution.
- Understanding HIV-1 variant emergence is crucial for predicting disease progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the evolution of HIV-1 variants post-primary infection.
- To correlate viral phenotypic changes with neutralization sensitivity and clinical outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Longitudinal study of 5 HIV-1-infected subjects over 2-5 years.
- Analysis of sequential virus isolates for neutralization sensitivity, macrophage tropism, and syncytia-inducing ability.
Main Results:
- In 3 subjects, HIV-1 isolates evolved reduced sensitivity to autologous serum neutralization.
- These evolved variants showed decreased macrophage replication and increased syncytia formation.
- Two subjects with evolving viral phenotypes progressed to AIDS and died.
Conclusions:
- HIV-1 variants emerging post-seroconversion can escape autologous serum neutralization.
- Viral escape is associated with altered biologic properties and accelerated disease progression.
- Early viral phenotypes may predict clinical trajectory in HIV-1 infection.