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Antigenotoxicity of coffee in the Drosophila assay for somatic mutation and recombination
1School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.
Abstract:
The somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) in Drosophila melanogaster was carried out to investigate whether or not coffee can modulate the genotoxicity of the well-established mutagenic/carcinogenic chemicals cyclophosphamide (CPH), diethylnitrosamine (DEN), mitomycin C (MMC), procarbazine (PRO) and urethane (URE). For this purpose, 3-day-old larvae, trans-heterozygous for the wing hair markers mwh (multiple wing hairs) and flr3 (flare3), were raised on instant medium containing either the genotoxin alone or in combination with instant coffee. From the results obtained, it was evident that the chronic co-administration of coffee was effective in significantly reducing the frequencies of single and twin spots induced by CPH, DEN, MMC and URE but not PRO. The maximum reduction was observed in the frequencies of twin spots (produced by mitotic recombination) after feeding larvae on medium containing coffee in combination with the compounds CPH or URE.
Insights
Coffee consumption significantly reduced the genotoxicity of several carcinogens, including cyclophosphamide and urethane, in a Drosophila melanogaster model. However, coffee did not affect the mutagenic effects of procarbazine.
Area of Science:
- * Genetics and toxicology
- * Model organism research using Drosophila melanogaster
Background:
- * Understanding the potential health impacts of common dietary components like coffee is crucial.
- * The genotoxicity of various chemical agents is well-established, posing risks to human health.
Purpose of the Study:
- * To investigate the modulatory effects of coffee on the genotoxicity of known mutagens.
- * To assess coffee's impact on DNA damage induced by cyclophosphamide (CPH), diethylnitrosamine (DEN), mitomycin C (MMC), procarbazine (PRO), and urethane (URE).
Main Methods:
- * Utilized the Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART) in Drosophila melanogaster.
- * Larvae were exposed to genotoxins alone or in combination with instant coffee.
- * Wing spots (single and twin) were analyzed to quantify genotoxic effects and mitotic recombination.
Main Results:
- * Chronic co-administration of coffee significantly reduced genotoxicity induced by CPH, DEN, MMC, and URE.
- * Coffee did not significantly alter the genotoxic effects of procarbazine (PRO).
- * The most substantial reduction in genotoxicity, particularly twin spots (mitotic recombination), was observed with CPH and URE.
Conclusions:
- * Coffee exhibits antimutagenic properties against several potent genotoxic chemicals.
- * The protective effect of coffee is chemical-specific, not demonstrating efficacy against all tested mutagens.
- * Coffee may modulate DNA damage pathways, particularly those involving mitotic recombination.