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The alphaviruses: gene expression, replication, and evolution

J H Strauss1, E G Strauss

  • 1Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125.

Microbiological Reviews
|September 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Alphaviruses are enveloped viruses transmitted by arthropods, causing diseases in humans and animals. Research details their genome, replication, and host interactions, offering insights into RNA virus evolution.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Alphaviruses are a genus of 26 enveloped viruses transmitted by arthropod vectors.
  • They cause significant diseases in humans and domestic animals worldwide.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on alphaviruses, covering their evolution, replication, and host interactions.
  • To highlight alphaviruses as a well-characterized model system for RNA virus research.

Main Methods:

  • Genomic sequencing and evolutionary comparisons.
  • Construction of full-length cDNA clones for molecular genetic studies.
  • Biochemical approaches to elucidate the replication cycle.

Main Results:

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  • Complete genome sequences determined for eight alphaviruses, enabling evolutionary analysis.
  • Functional cDNA clones facilitate studies on viral genetics and vector development.
  • Detailed understanding of alphavirus replication, host-pathogen interactions, and virulence.

    • Conclusions:

    • Alphaviruses are extensively studied, providing a robust model for understanding RNA virus biology.
    • Ongoing research continues to reveal insights into viral evolution, replication mechanisms, and pathogenesis.
    • The structural and genetic data make alphaviruses a key system for virological research.