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[Changes in the phagocytic cell functions elicited by surgical intervention]
1First Department of Surgery, Hiroshima University, Japan.
Abstract:
To evaluate the feature of the phagocytic cell functions against surgical intervention, the author analyzed superoxide production and Mac-1 expression of peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), cytokine production (IL-1 beta, TNF alpha) of peripheral monocyte (Mo) and peritoneal macrophage (M phi) in 35 surgical patients. The ability of PMNs in superoxide anion production and the level of Mac-1 expression on PMNs increased within 24 hr after operation. Those changes synchronized that of Mo to produce IL-1 and TNF increased after operation and peaked at 1 POD. And L-1 and TNF production of peritoneal M phi increased and peaked at 8 hr after operation. However, both IL-1 and TNF could not be detected in their sera of all patients. These findings disclosed that the surgical injury might induce in vivo activation of local M phi and circulating Mo, and priming of the PMN by activated M phi and due to their producing cytokines such as IL-1, TNF and G-CSF. It might be, therefore, concluded that these reactions of the phagocytic cells may be one of the host defense mechanisms against surgical injury.
Insights
Surgical injury activates phagocytic cells like polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and macrophages, enhancing their function. These cellular responses are key host defense mechanisms against surgical stress.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Surgical Pathology
Background:
- Phagocytic cells play a crucial role in host defense.
- The impact of surgical intervention on phagocytic cell function requires further elucidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the functional changes in phagocytic cells following surgical intervention.
- To assess the role of these cellular changes in the host's response to surgical injury.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of superoxide production and Mac-1 expression in peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs).
- Measurement of cytokine production (IL-1 beta, TNF alpha) in peripheral monocytes (Mo) and peritoneal macrophages (M phi).
- Evaluation of these parameters in 35 surgical patients.
Main Results:
- Increased superoxide production and Mac-1 expression in PMNs within 24 hours post-operation.
- Elevated IL-1 and TNF production by monocytes and peritoneal macrophages, peaking at 1 and 8 hours post-operation, respectively.
- Undetectable serum levels of IL-1 and TNF in all patients, suggesting localized cellular activation.
Conclusions:
- Surgical injury induces in vivo activation of local macrophages and circulating monocytes.
- Activated macrophages and monocytes likely prime PMNs through cytokine production (IL-1, TNF, G-CSF).
- Phagocytic cell activation represents a host defense mechanism against surgical injury.