Hypertension and electrolyte therapy

Approximately 50 million Americans are at risk for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease as a result of hypertension (HTN). Education and treatment programs aimed at reducing HTN have been successful in decreasing morbidity and mortality from heart disease and strokes in recent years. In addition to pharmacologic means, prevention of HTN by lifestyle modifications has become a focus of public health education. One such modification, electrolyte therapy, has been associated with HTN control and is readily available through both dietary sources and supplementary tablets. This article presents an overview of electrolyte therapy as treatment for HTN, and reviews studies of the effects of sodium, potassium, and magnesium, and their combinations as treatment to reduce blood pressure. Strategies for nurses in educating the public on the effects of electrolytes and blood pressure are also discussed.