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Lung function after neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

M R Benoist, C Siguier, R Jean

    Bulletin Europeen De Physiopathologie Respiratoire
    |November 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Children who survived respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) show altered lung function, including reduced dynamic lung compliance. Longer artificial ventilation with high oxygen levels may worsen lung damage in these children.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Pulmonology
    • Neonatal Medicine
    • Respiratory Physiology

    Background:

    • Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a common neonatal condition.
    • Long-term respiratory outcomes in RDS survivors require further investigation.
    • Understanding lung function in early childhood is crucial for assessing developmental impacts.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare lung function parameters between healthy children and survivors of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).
    • To investigate the relationship between lung function and physical growth in children.
    • To identify factors contributing to impaired lung function in RDS survivors.

    Main Methods:

    • Measured functional residual capacity (FRC), dynamic lung compliance (CLdyn), and lung resistance (RL) in two groups of children (18 months to 6 years).

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  • Group A: 51 healthy children. Group B: 69 RDS survivors (44% with abnormalities).
  • Analyzed correlations between lung function parameters and height; compared regression line parameters between groups. Subgroup analysis based on ventilation duration and FIO2 exposure.

    • Main Results:

    • Healthy children showed significant correlations between FRC, CLdyn, and height, and between CLdyn and FRC.
    • No significant difference in the slopes of regression lines for FRC, CLdyn, and RL against height between groups.
    • RDS survivors (Group B) had lower intercepts for CLdyn and RL regression lines compared to healthy children.
    • Longer exposure (>120 hours) to high FIO2 during ventilation was associated with lower CLdyn in RDS survivors.

    Conclusions:

    • RDS survivors exhibit altered lung function compared to healthy children, indicated by reduced dynamic lung compliance and lung resistance.
    • Height is a significant determinant of lung function in healthy children.
    • Prolonged mechanical ventilation with high oxygen concentrations may be an additional factor contributing to lung damage in RDS survivors.