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Breast-feeding and acute otitis media
M L Sassen1, R Brand, J J Grote
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital, Leiden, The Netherlands.
American Journal of Otolaryngology
|September 1, 1994
Summary
Breastfeeding duration impacts acute otitis media (AOM) risk. The protective effect wanes over time after discontinuing breastfeeding, with risk levels similar to never-breastfed infants after approximately 12 months.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Epidemiology
- Immunology
Background:
- Acute otitis media (AOM) is a common childhood infection.
- Risk factors for AOM are multifactorial, including feeding practices.
- The impact of breastfeeding cessation on AOM risk requires further elucidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between breastfeeding duration and the risk of AOM.
- To determine how the risk of AOM changes after breastfeeding is discontinued.
- To identify other covariates influencing AOM risk.
Main Methods:
- A longitudinal study of 289 infants followed up to 24 months of age.
- Data collected from regular check-up visits at child health care centers.
- Statistical analysis to assess AOM risk as a function of breastfeeding status and other factors.
Main Results:
- AOM risk was significantly reduced for up to 4 months after breastfeeding cessation.
- Risk approached that of never-breastfed infants approximately 12 months post-cessation.
- Infant's number of siblings and socioeconomic status were also significant risk factors for AOM.
Conclusions:
- The duration of breastfeeding and time elapsed since cessation are critical determinants of AOM risk.
- Breastfeeding provides a diminishing protective effect against AOM after discontinuation.
- Socioeconomic factors and family size also play a role in AOM incidence.