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Dapsone syndrome in Goa

V L Rege1, P Shukla, M F Mascarenhas

  • 1Dept of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprology, Goa Medical College.

Indian Journal of Leprosy
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Dapsone syndrome occurred in 1.3% of leprosy patients on multidrug therapy (MDT). Early recognition and prednisolone treatment effectively managed this adverse drug reaction.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pharmacology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Leprosy treatment commonly involves multidrug therapy (MDT).
  • Adverse drug reactions can complicate MDT regimens.
  • Dapsone is a key component in MDT for leprosy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the incidence and clinical features of dapsone syndrome in leprosy patients on MDT.
  • To describe the diagnostic criteria and management of dapsone syndrome.
  • To highlight the importance of monitoring for adverse drug reactions during leprosy treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Observational study of approximately 700 leprosy patients on MDT.
  • Data collected from patients reporting to the skin department.
  • Clinical features, laboratory tests, and treatment outcomes were recorded.

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Main Results:

  • Dapsone syndrome was observed in 1.3% of patients within six weeks of starting MDT.
  • Consistent features included skin rash, photosensitivity, fever, lymphadenopathy, sore throat, hepatosplenomegaly, abnormal liver function, and elevated reticulocyte count.
  • Withdrawal of dapsone and prednisolone administration led to recovery in most patients within 3-4 weeks.

Conclusions:

  • Dapsone syndrome is a significant adverse reaction in leprosy patients on MDT.
  • Prompt diagnosis and management with dapsone withdrawal and corticosteroid therapy are crucial.
  • Continued vigilance for adverse drug reactions is essential in leprosy management.