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The sex determination process in maize

S L Dellaporta1, A Calderon-Urrea

  • 1Department of Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8104.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 2, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Maize flowers develop unisexually through selective organ abortion. Plant hormones like gibberellins are crucial for stamen abortion and feminization in maize floral development.

Area of Science:

  • Plant biology
  • Developmental genetics
  • Hormonal regulation

Background:

  • Maize (Zea mays) exhibits monoecy, with separate male and female flowers on the same plant.
  • Flower unisexuality is achieved through the selective abortion of floral organs.
  • This process involves genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanisms of floral sex determination and organ abortion in maize.
  • To investigate the role of specific genes and hormones in controlling floral development and unisexuality.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of floral meristem development and organogenesis.
  • Genetic studies involving masculinizing and feminizing genes.
  • Hormonal assays and treatments, focusing on gibberellins.

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Main Results:

  • Masculinizing genes are essential for the abortion of female floral organs (gynoecium).
  • Feminizing genes are required for the arrest of male floral organ (stamen) development.
  • Gibberellins play a significant role in stamen abortion and the feminization of floral tissues.

Conclusions:

  • Floral sex determination in maize is a complex genetic and hormonal process.
  • Selective organ abortion is a key mechanism for achieving unisexuality.
  • Gibberellins are critical regulators of stamen development and feminization in maize flowers.