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Leukemic arthritis

T I Evans1, B M Nercessian, K M Sanders

  • 1Department of Medicine, Medical College of Virginia/Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond.

Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism
|August 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Leukemic arthritis (LA) is a rare joint complication in leukemia patients, affecting children more than adults. Early diagnosis and chemotherapy for leukemia are key to managing this painful condition.

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Hematology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Leukemic arthritis (LA) is an uncommon complication of acute and chronic leukemias.
  • It affects 12-65% of childhood leukemia cases and 4-13% of adult cases.
  • LA can occur anytime during leukemia progression and may be an initial symptom.

Observation:

  • Affected joints typically present as warm, swollen, and tender.
  • The arthritis is often pauciarticular, predominantly affecting large joints.
  • Diagnosis can be challenging, often necessitating tissue biopsy.

Findings:

  • Newer immunochemical techniques can aid diagnosis by detecting leukemic cells in synovial fluid.
  • Treatment of the underlying leukemia is the primary therapeutic approach.

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  • A reduction in joint pain frequently indicates a positive response to chemotherapy.

    • Implications:

    • LA should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pediatric and adult rheumatic diseases.
    • Prompt diagnosis and management of leukemia are crucial for alleviating joint symptoms.
    • This review highlights the importance of recognizing LA as a potential manifestation of leukemia.