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Apolipoprotein e4 allele and cognitive decline in elderly men

E J Feskens1, L M Havekes, S Kalmijn

  • 1Department of Chronic Diseases and Environmental Epidemiology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, Netherlands.

BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)
|November 5, 1994
PubMed
Summary

The apolipoprotein E e4 allele is linked to cognitive decline in elderly men. This genetic factor increases the risk of developing impaired cognitive function over time.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Cognitive decline is a significant concern in aging populations.
  • The role of genetic factors, such as apolipoprotein E (APOE) polymorphism, in cognitive health is under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether the apolipoprotein E e4 allele predicts cognitive deterioration in the general population.
  • To assess the association between APOE e4 allele carriage and cognitive decline in elderly men.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based cohort study was conducted in Zutphen, the Netherlands.
  • 538 Dutch men aged 70-89 at baseline were followed for three years.
  • Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).

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Main Results:

  • Baseline prevalence of impaired cognitive function (MMSE score < or = 25) was higher in e4 allele carriers (41.0%) compared to non-carriers (31.1%).
  • Cognitive decline over three years was most pronounced in men homozygous for e4 (-2.4 points) and least in non-carriers (-0.1 points).
  • APOE e4 allele carriers had a significantly increased risk of developing impaired cognitive function (adjusted odds ratio 2.87).

Conclusions:

  • The apolipoprotein E e4 allele predisposes to cognitive decline in a general population of elderly men.
  • The e4 allele may account for 22% of the risk for developing impaired cognitive function in this cohort.