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In vivo serotonin release and learned helplessness

F Petty¹, G Kramer, L Wilson

¹Mental Health Clinic, Dallas Veterans Affairs Medical Center, TX.

Psychiatry Research

|June 1, 1994

Summary

Learned helplessness, a model for depression, is linked to serotonin. Stress increases serotonin release in the brain, suggesting a link to this behavioral condition.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Behavioral Science
Psychiatry

Background:

Learned helplessness is an animal model for human depressive disorder.
It is associated with defects in serotonergic function, but the exact relationship is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5HT) and learned helplessness.
To determine if altered 5HT levels are associated with the development of learned helplessness behavior.

Main Methods:

In vivo microdialysis brain perfusion was used in rats.
Serotonin levels in the medial frontal cortex were measured in conscious, freely moving rats.

Main Results:

Basal 5HT levels before stress did not correlate with learned helplessness.
However, 5HT release significantly increased after stress in helpless rats.

Conclusions:

Cortical serotonergic excess is causally related to the development of learned helplessness.
These findings support the hypothesis linking excessive serotonin to depression-like behaviors.

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