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[Gastroesophageal reflux in pediatrics]
J A Madrazo de la Garza1, B González Ortiz
1Departamento Gastroenterologia, Hospital de Pediatria, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS México, DF.
Insights
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is rising in children, potentially due to increased awareness or infant formula changes. Treatment focuses on diet, acid reduction, and motility, with surgery rarely required.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Gastroenterology
- Infant Nutrition
- Digestive Health
Background:
- The incidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in pediatric populations is on the rise.
- Potential contributing factors include heightened disease awareness and the composition of infant formulas.
- Infant GERD presents with symptoms such as malnutrition, respiratory issues, and esophagitis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding and management of pediatric GERD.
- To highlight the clinical manifestations and treatment strategies for infant GERD.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of pediatric GERD.
- Analysis of clinical presentations and treatment outcomes.
- Focus on medical and surgical interventions.
Main Results:
- GERD is increasingly diagnosed in children.
- Common symptoms include regurgitation leading to malnutrition, respiratory complications, and esophageal inflammation.
- Medical management is the primary approach.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric GERD requires a multifaceted treatment approach.
- Medical interventions targeting feeding techniques, gastric acid suppression, and gastrointestinal motility are effective.
- Surgical intervention for GERD in children is infrequently necessary.
Abstract:
The frequency of gastroesophageal reflux disease in pediatrics has increased. There is not a clear explanation, some believe there is more awareness of the disease, others believe that new formulas, which are richer in nutrients, may irritate the gastrointestinal tract of the infant. Clinically, children present with regurgitation-malnutrition, respiratory disease, and esophagitis. The medical treatment aims to improve the eating techniques, to decrease the gastric acid output, and to improve the motility function of the esophago-gastrointestinal tract. Surgical treatment is rarely needed.