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Burkitt type leukaemia associated with multiple myeloma
Y Kawachi1, Y Sakamoto, T Shidahara
1Department of Internal Medicine, Takamatsu Red Cross Hospital, Kagawa, Japan.
British Journal of Haematology
|July 1, 1994
Summary
This study reports the first known case of a patient developing Burkitt-type leukemia (BTL) 16 months after a multiple myeloma (MM) diagnosis. The patient experienced rapid progression and succumbed to BTL shortly after diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Oncology
- Cancer Biology
Background:
- Multiple myeloma (MM) is a cancer of plasma cells.
- Burkitt-type leukemia (BTL) is an aggressive form of leukemia.
- The co-occurrence of MM and BTL is exceptionally rare.
Observation:
- A 77-year-old male patient was diagnosed with multiple myeloma (MM).
- Sixteen months later, the patient developed Burkitt-type leukemia (BTL).
- Immunophenotypic and cytogenetic analyses revealed distinct characteristics for both MM and BTL.
Findings:
- The initial MM was CD10-positive with kappa immunoglobulin (Ig) and kappa Bence Jones protein (BJP), exhibiting a normal karyotype.
- The subsequent BTL was CD10, CD19, CD20, and HLA-DR positive with mu and lambda Ig, lambda BJP, and a complex abnormal karyotype including t(8;14).
- The patient had a very short survival of 9 days after BTL diagnosis despite aggressive treatment.
Implications:
- This case highlights a rare but aggressive transformation from multiple myeloma to Burkitt-type leukemia.
- Understanding the distinct immunophenotypic and cytogenetic profiles is crucial for diagnosis and management.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this transformation and to develop targeted therapies.