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Extended high-frequency audiometry. Air- and bone-conduction thresholds, age and gender variations

P Hallmo1, A Sundby, I W Mair

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ullevål University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

Scandinavian Audiology
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Hearing thresholds, including extended high frequencies, were measured in healthy individuals aged 8 to 80. Age and higher frequencies significantly impact hearing, with early deterioration noted in young adults.

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Hearing Science
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Hearing thresholds are typically assessed within conventional audiometric ranges.
  • Extended high-frequency hearing (up to 16-18 kHz) is less studied but crucial for understanding age-related changes.
  • Normative data for bone-conduction in extended high frequencies are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish normative air- and bone-conduction hearing thresholds in healthy individuals across a wide age range (8-80 years).
  • To investigate the influence of age and frequency on hearing thresholds, particularly in the extended high-frequency range (8-16 kHz).
  • To identify gender-specific differences in extended high-frequency hearing thresholds.

Main Methods:

  • Audiometric testing including conventional and extended high frequencies (up to 18 kHz for air-conduction, 16 kHz for bone-conduction).

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  • Inclusion of otologically healthy subjects across diverse age groups (8-14 years to 80+ years).
  • Statistical analysis to determine age- and gender-specific thresholds, medians, and ranges, referencing ISO 7029 (1984) for conventional frequencies.

    • Main Results:

    • Conventional air-conduction thresholds were excellent (< or = 10 dB HL) in subjects under 30, aligning with ISO standards for older groups.
    • Extended high-frequency bone-conduction thresholds (8-16 kHz) increased with both age and frequency.
    • A slight, generally non-significant, trend for higher thresholds in males was observed. Hearing deterioration at high frequencies was evident even in young adults (18-24 years).

    Conclusions:

    • Age is a significant factor in hearing threshold changes, especially at extended high frequencies.
    • Early signs of high-frequency hearing loss can be detected in young adulthood.
    • The study provides valuable normative data for extended high-frequency bone conduction, aiding in the early detection of hearing impairments.