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Myelin basic protein-stimulated rosette-forming T cells in multiple sclerosis

G A Hashim, D H Lee, J C Pierce

Neurochemical Research

|February 1, 1978

Summary

Researchers found T cells sensitive to myelin basic protein in multiple sclerosis patients. This immune response was also observed in other central nervous system diseases, but not in healthy individuals.

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Area of Science:

Neuroimmunology
Cellular Immunology

Background:

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS).
The role of T lymphocytes in CNS diseases is complex and requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the presence of T lymphocytes sensitized to myelin basic protein (MBP) in patients with multiple sclerosis and other CNS diseases.
To differentiate immune responses in CNS diseases from those in non-CNS related conditions and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

Utilized the antigen-stimulated, rosette-forming T-cell assay.
Exposed peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro to human myelin basic protein and histones.
Compared responses between patients with multiple sclerosis, CNS tumors, cerebrovascular accidents, breast diseases, and healthy controls.

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Main Results:

Identified a subpopulation of T lymphocytes sensitized to myelin basic protein in patients with multiple sclerosis, CNS tumors, and cerebrovascular accidents.
Observed a significant increase in active rosette-forming T cells upon in vitro exposure to myelin basic protein.
Demonstrated unresponsiveness to myelin basic protein and histones in lymphocytes from healthy controls and patients with breast diseases.

Conclusions:

Confirmed the existence of a functionally active T-lymphocyte subpopulation sensitized to myelin basic protein in multiple sclerosis.
Indicated that this sensitization is specific to certain central nervous system diseases.