Structure and function of the long terminal repeat of the chimpanzee foamy virus isolates (SFV-6)

The complete long terminal repeat (LTR) nucleotide sequence of the chimpanzee foamy virus isolate SFV-6 was determined. Its 1761-bp size makes it the longest LTR reported to date among all retroviruses. Since the length of its LTR is similar to that of other simian isolates while its sequence homology is closer to that of HFV, SFV-6 genetic structure appears to be intermediate between simian and human foamy viruses. Transient expression assays demonstrate that SFV-6 encodes a transactivator of viral gene expression directed either by its own LTR or by heterologous promoters like HFV and HIV-1 LTRs. Our data also provide evidence for cross-transactivation between SFV-6 and HFV.