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The treatment of Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage in pediatric peritoneal dialysis patients
D L Blowey1, B A Warady, K S McFarland
1Division of Nephrology, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri.
Insights
Children undergoing peritoneal dialysis with Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage face increased infection risks. Treating this nasal carriage significantly reduced the incidence of S. aureus dialysis-related infections in pediatric patients.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Microbiology
Background:
- Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage is a known risk factor for infections.
- Peritoneal dialysis patients are susceptible to infections, particularly Staphylococcus aureus.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the dialysis-related infection rate in children with Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage undergoing peritoneal dialysis.
- To determine the efficacy of rifampin and bacitracin treatment for S. aureus nasal carriage in reducing infection rates.
Main Methods:
- A randomized controlled trial was conducted.
- Children with S. aureus nasal carriage were randomized to receive either rifampin and bacitracin treatment or no treatment.
- Participants were monitored for one month post-randomization for S. aureus dialysis-related infections.
Main Results:
- Children with S. aureus nasal carriage exhibited a significantly higher incidence of S. aureus dialysis-related infections compared to those without carriage (p < 0.05).
- Treatment of S. aureus nasal carriage led to a significantly lower dialysis-related infection rate compared to the untreated group (p < 0.05).
Conclusions:
- Pediatric patients on peritoneal dialysis with S. aureus nasal carriage are at elevated risk for S. aureus dialysis-related infections.
- Treating S. aureus nasal carriage in this pediatric population effectively reduces the risk of developing these infections.
Abstract:
This study evaluates the dialysis-related infection rate in children receiving peritoneal dialysis with Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage. Children with S. aureus nasal carriage were randomized to treatment with rifampin and bacitracin or no treatment. The children were observed for one month after randomization for evidence of a S. aureus dialysis-related infection. Individuals with nasal carriage had a higher incidence of S. aureus dialysis-related infection than those patients without carriage (p < 0.05). Those children treated for nasal carriage had a lower dialysis-related infection rate than those who were untreated (p < 0.05). We conclude that children receiving peritoneal dialysis with nasal carriage of S. aureus are at a greater risk of developing a S. aureus dialysis-related infection. The treatment of nasal carriage in this population decreased the risk of a S. aureus dialysis-related infection.