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Obesity and multiple myeloma

G D Friedman1, L J Herrinton

  • 1Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, Northern California Region, Oakland.

Cancer Causes & Control : CCC
|September 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Obesity may increase the risk of developing multiple myeloma (MM). This study found a link between higher body mass index (BMI) and MM incidence, particularly in White men, suggesting body composition may influence MM development.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Obesity is a growing public health concern with links to various cancers.
  • Understanding predictors of multiple myeloma (MM) is crucial for early detection and prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between common clinical conditions, specifically obesity, and the subsequent development of multiple myeloma (MM).
  • To explore the role of body mass index (BMI) and weight changes as potential risk factors for MM in different demographic groups.

Main Methods:

  • An exploratory study analyzing data from two large cohorts (143,574 and 163,561 outpatients/examinees).
  • Follow-up periods extended up to 21-24 years, assessing cancer incidence.
  • Statistical analyses included standardized morbidity ratios (SMR) and relative risks (RR) based on BMI and weight changes.

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Main Results:

  • Obesity was associated with an increased risk of MM (SMR = 1.55).
  • Higher BMI correlated positively with MM incidence in White men (RR = 1.07 per unit increase).
  • Associations varied by sex and race, with weight loss linked to increased risk in White men and weight gain to decreased risk in Black women.

Conclusions:

  • Body build and nutritional status may play a role in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms linking obesity and MM.
  • Findings highlight potential sex- and race-specific differences in MM risk factors.