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Pulmonary hair embolism in monkeys
1Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH, Germany.
Abstract:
Among 184 rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys treated daily for 28 consecutive days by injection into cephalic or saphenous veins, 14 animals (7.6%) had pulmonary emboli with fragments of skin or hair in arterial thrombi or in giant cell granulomas. 167 monkeys (91%) showed lesions at the site of injection, predominantly bleeding and chronic periphlebitis, whereas particles of skin or hair were rare around the veins (2.2%). 2 or 8 weeks after cessation of treatment no pulmonary lesions were observed and healing at the sites of injection was nearly completed in 11 of 12 monkeys allowed to recover.
Insights
Daily injections in monkeys caused skin and hair emboli in lungs (7.6%) and injection site lesions (91%). Most lesions healed after treatment stopped, with no lasting pulmonary issues observed.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Pathology
- Toxicology
- Primate Research
Background:
- Intravenous injections are common in preclinical studies.
- Potential complications include embolism and local tissue reactions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the safety and potential adverse effects of daily intravenous injections in non-human primates.
- To assess the incidence of pulmonary emboli and injection site reactions.
Main Methods:
- 184 rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys received daily intravenous injections for 28 days.
- Animals were monitored for pulmonary lesions and injection site reactions.
- Histopathological examination was performed on relevant tissues.
Main Results:
- Pulmonary emboli, containing skin or hair fragments, were found in 7.6% of the monkeys.
- Injection site lesions, primarily bleeding and chronic periphlebitis, occurred in 91% of animals.
- Skin or hair particles were rarely found around the injection veins (2.2%).
Conclusions:
- Daily intravenous injections can lead to pulmonary embolism and local inflammatory responses in non-human primates.
- The observed lesions showed a high degree of healing after treatment cessation.
- These findings highlight the importance of aseptic techniques during injections in primate studies.