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Endocrine gland cancer

P Correa1, V W Chen

  • 1Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans 70112.

Cancer
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Endocrine gland cancers vary by type, with thyroid cancer being most common. Papillary thyroid carcinoma shows distinct demographics and a good prognosis, unlike aggressive anaplastic types.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Cancers of endocrine glands exhibit significant variability in incidence and prognosis based on histologic type.
  • Thyroid cancer represents the vast majority of endocrine gland malignancies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the incidence, demographic patterns, and survival rates of various endocrine gland cancers.
  • To differentiate the characteristics of major thyroid cancer histologic subtypes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized population-based data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registries.
  • Analyzed data spanning the years 1973 to 1987.

Main Results:

  • Papillary thyroid carcinoma, the most frequent type, is more common in women and white individuals, with an early onset and >90% 5-year survival.
  • Follicular and medullary thyroid carcinomas also show good prognoses, while anaplastic carcinoma has a poor survival rate (<10%).
  • Suprarenal and thymus gland cancers are rare, affect black individuals more, and have poorer survival rates compared to differentiated thyroid cancers.

Conclusions:

  • The rise of papillary thyroid carcinoma is linked to the postgoiter era and advancements in diagnostic imaging like scintigraphy and fine needle aspiration.
  • Disparities in papillary thyroid carcinoma incidence, particularly lower rates in black individuals, may stem from underdiagnosis of small tumors.

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