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Pathophysiologic correlations in lymphoid interstitial pneumonia

D D Collie1, P M Warren, I Begara

  • 1Department of Veterinary Pathology, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Roslin, Midlothian, United Kingdom.

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
|June 1, 1994
PubMed
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Maedi-visna virus (MVV) infection in sheep causes lymphoid interstitial pneumonia (LIP). Diffusing capacity measurements are the most sensitive indicators of disease progression, even in clinically normal animals.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Pulmonary Physiology
  • Sheep Models

Background:

  • Maedi-visna virus (MVV) infection in sheep can lead to lymphoid interstitial pneumonia (LIP).
  • Understanding the functional and structural changes in the lungs is crucial for assessing disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To correlate lung function measurements with morphometric analysis in MVV-infected sheep.
  • To identify the most sensitive physiological index for detecting early-stage LIP associated with MVV.

Main Methods:

  • Physiological measurements including diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DCOsb), static lung compliance (Cst), and lung distensibility were performed.
  • Morphometric analysis of lung tissue was conducted to determine volume densities of tissue (Vvt) and air (Vva), and alveolar surface density.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Correlation analysis between physiological and morphometric data was performed.

    • Main Results:

    • Tissue-related forces, not surface forces, appear to be key determinants of lung distensibility in MVV-associated LIP.
    • A strong negative correlation between volume-corrected DCOsb and Vvt suggests factors beyond lung volume reduction impair gas exchange.
    • Reduced D/VA values were the most common abnormality, detected even in clinically normal sheep with minimal morphometric changes.

    Conclusions:

    • Tissue-related forces play a significant role in lung distensibility in MVV-induced LIP.
    • Diffusing capacity measurements, particularly D/VA, are highly sensitive indicators of subclinical lung disease progression in MVV infection.
    • Diffusing capacity is the most sensitive functional index for monitoring LIP progression in MVV-infected sheep.