Polyenylphosphatidylcholine improves the lipoprotein profile in diabetic patients

Patients with diabetes mellitus commonly exhibit pathological lipoprotein profiles and concomitant cardiovascular or peripheral atherosclerotic complications. Thirty non-insulin-dependent diabetics with secondary hyperlipidemia received 2.7 g 3-sn-polyenylphosphatidylcholine (PPC) or placebo daily, orally over a 2-month period under randomized, double-blind trial conditions, to investigate the efficacy and tolerance of the treatment. This period was followed by a one-month observation phase without investigational medication. Serum LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides were determined on days 1, 14, 28, 56 and 84. After 56 days of treatment with PPC, the primary variable of effectiveness, LDL cholesterol, decreased significantly (p = 0.0174) by 17% from 191 +/- 31 to 159 +/- 36 mg/dl, whereas values did not change in the placebo group. Total cholesterol (TC) in serum decreased by 16% from 303 +/- 22 to 255 +/- 23 mg/dl with PPC. In the placebo group, only a slight decrease from 292 +/- 27 to 289 +/- 41 mg/dl occurred. Mean serum triglyceride (TG) levels fell by 9% from 194 +/- 32 to 177 +/- 27 mg/dl in the PPC group. In the control group, values increased from 193 +/- 34 to 202 +/- 41 mg/dl. The differences in LDL, TC and TG between the treatment groups were statistically significant; p = 0.0014, p = 0.0001 and p = 0.007, respectively. HDL cholesterol in serum increased 12% from 50 +/- 10 to 55 +/- 13 mg/dl after PPC application. The control group did not show any alteration of mean HDL cholesterol level at any time.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)