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Related Experiment Videos

Craniofacial morphology in patients with multiple congenitally missing permanent teeth

M Nodal1, I Kjaer, B Solow

  • 1Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

European Journal of Orthodontics
|April 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Children with numerous congenitally missing teeth show distinct craniofacial differences. More than 12 missing teeth correlate with reduced lower facial vertical development and a prognathic mandible.

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Orthodontics
  • Craniofacial Biology

Background:

  • Congenitally missing teeth (CMT) are a common dental anomaly.
  • The association between the number of CMT and craniofacial morphology requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between the number of congenitally missing permanent teeth (excluding third molars) and craniofacial morphology in children.
  • To identify specific craniofacial characteristics associated with a higher prevalence of CMT.

Main Methods:

  • A sample of 118 children with five or more CMT was analyzed.
  • Lateral cephalometric radiographs were used to digitize 27 reference points.
  • Thirteen angular measurements of craniofacial morphology were calculated and analyzed.

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Main Results:

  • No significant association was found within subsamples of 5-12 or 13-21 missing teeth.
  • Children with more than 12 missing teeth exhibited significantly smaller mandibular plane inclination (NSL/ML, NL/ML) and gonial angle (RL/ML).
  • A more prognathic mandible (s-n-pg) was observed in the group with over 12 missing teeth.

Conclusions:

  • A higher number of congenitally missing teeth is associated with specific craniofacial morphology.
  • Reduced vertical development of the lower face, potentially due to decreased occlusal support, may explain these morphological differences.