Evaluation of masticatory function after sagittal split ramus osteotomy for patients with mandibular prognathism

Area of Science:

• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Orthodontics
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) is a common surgical procedure for correcting jaw discrepancies.
• Assessing the impact of SSRO on masticatory function is crucial for patient outcomes.
• Limited longitudinal data exists on the recovery of chewing function after SSRO.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate changes in masticatory performance, occlusal contact, and biting force for one year after SSRO.
• To determine the timeline for functional recovery following the surgical procedure.
• To provide insights into the long-term effects of SSRO on oral function.

Main Methods:

• Prospective study involving 30 prognathic patients undergoing SSRO.
• Preoperative and 3, 6, 12-month postoperative measurements of masticatory performance, occlusal contact area/points, and bilateral biting force.
• Statistical analysis to assess significant changes over time.

Main Results:

• Masticatory efficiency significantly increased from 6 months post-SSRO.
• Occlusal contact area and points showed a significant increase by 12 months.
• Bilateral biting force, initially reduced at 3 months, significantly increased and balanced by 12 months.

Conclusions:

• SSRO leads to significant improvements in masticatory function within one year.
• Functional recovery, including chewing efficiency and biting force, is progressive and sustained post-surgery.
• The study highlights the positive impact of SSRO combined with orthodontic treatment on oral function.