Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 28, 2026

Whole Genome Sequencing of Candida glabrata for Detection of Markers of Antifungal Drug Resistance
08:45

Whole Genome Sequencing of Candida glabrata for Detection of Markers of Antifungal Drug Resistance

Published on: December 28, 2017

Antifungal agents and their renal implications in the neonate

R H Levin, A F Wong

    The Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing
    |June 1, 1994
    PubMed

    Insights

    Neonatal fungal infections are rising due to medical interventions. This review covers causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments for Candida infections in newborns.

    Area of Science:

    • Neonatology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Mycology

    Background:

    • Increasing incidence of superficial and systemic fungal infections in neonates.
    • Susceptibility linked to mechanical ventilation, indwelling catheters, broad-spectrum antibiotics, parenteral nutrition, and steroid therapy.
    • Candida species are the most common causative organisms in neonatal fungal infections.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide a comprehensive overview of neonatal fungal infections.
    • To detail the etiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management strategies.
    • To review antifungal agents used in neonates, including mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, dosing, and adverse effects.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of neonatal fungal infections.
    • Synthesis of information on causative agents, risk factors, and clinical manifestations.
    • Analysis of diagnostic approaches and treatment guidelines for antifungal therapies.

    Main Results:

    • Fungal infections in neonates are increasingly prevalent.
    • Specific medical practices contribute to heightened susceptibility.
    • Candida species represent the predominant pathogens.

    Conclusions:

    • Effective management of neonatal fungal infections requires understanding their etiology and risk factors.
    • Appropriate diagnosis and timely administration of antifungal agents are crucial.
    • Knowledge of antifungal pharmacokinetics and safety profiles is essential for optimal neonatal care.

    More Related Videos

    Broth Microdilution In Vitro Screening: An Easy and Fast Method to Detect New Antifungal Compounds08:54

    Broth Microdilution In Vitro Screening: An Easy and Fast Method to Detect New Antifungal Compounds

    Published on: February 14, 2018

    Quantifying the Antifungal Activity of Peptides Against Candida albicans06:45

    Quantifying the Antifungal Activity of Peptides Against Candida albicans

    Published on: January 13, 2023

    Related Concept Videos

    Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

    Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

    Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
    Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

    Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

    Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight, compared...
    Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

    Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

    In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses a challenge in...
    Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

    Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

    In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
    Cryptococcal Meningitis01:27

    Cryptococcal Meningitis

    Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...
    Antifungal Agents01:15

    Antifungal Agents

    Amphotericin B is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent that exploits structural differences between fungal and mammalian cell membranes. Its amphipathic structure—featuring a hydrophobic polyene-lactone ring and a hydrophilic region containing mycosamine and carboxylic acid groups—enables selective binding to ergosterol, a sterol predominantly found in fungal plasma membranes. This selective interaction underlies the drug’s antifungal activity, although weak binding to cholesterol contributes to...