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The Langerhans cell: its origin, nature, and function

W B Shelley, L Juhlin

    Acta Dermato-Venereologica. Supplementum
    |January 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This biography details the elusive Langerhans cell, a key immune cell in the epidermis. Its true function remained hidden until advanced microscopy revealed its significance.

    Area of Science:

    • Dermatology
    • Immunology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Langerhans cells are dendritic cells residing in the epidermis.
    • Their morphology and staining characteristics historically obscured their function.
    • These cells play a crucial role in skin immunity and immune surveillance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide a comprehensive biography of the Langerhans cell.
    • To elucidate the historical challenges in understanding Langerhans cell function.
    • To highlight the impact of technological advancements, particularly electron microscopy, in revealing the cell's true nature.

    Main Methods:

    • Historical review of immunological and dermatological literature.
    • Analysis of early histological and staining techniques.

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  • Examination of findings from electron microscopy studies.

    • Main Results:

    • Langerhans cells were initially misidentified due to their appearance.
    • Their immune functions were not recognized until specialized techniques were applied.
    • Electron microscopy provided definitive structural and functional insights.

    Conclusions:

    • The Langerhans cell, despite its epidermal location, was long misunderstood.
    • Technological evolution, especially electron microscopy, was pivotal in understanding this cell.
    • Langerhans cells are critical immune sentinels within the skin.