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Equine self-mutilation syndrome (57 cases)

N H Dodman1, J A Normile, L Shuster

  • 1Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA 01536.

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
|April 15, 1994
PubMed
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Equine self-mutilating behavior, a condition affecting horses, presents with varied clinical signs. While management and medical interventions show some success, the exact cause remains elusive, though it may resemble Tourette

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Animal Behavior
  • Equine Science

Background:

  • Equine self-mutilating behavior (ESMB) is a poorly understood behavioral disorder in horses.
  • Previous research has not definitively identified causative factors or consistent management strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To gather information on signalment, clinical history, signs, management, and treatment of horses with suspected ESMB.
  • To compare affected horses with unaffected control horses on the same farms.

Main Methods:

  • Owners of horses with suspected ESMB completed a questionnaire.
  • Data collected included signalment, clinical history, signs, management, and treatment.
  • Information on unaffected horses from the same farms was also collected.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Fifty-seven horses with ESMB were analyzed after excluding organic causes.
  • Affected horses, spanning various breeds, often developed the condition before sexual maturity.
  • Clinical signs included biting, vocalizing, bucking, kicking, and stereotypies; no single management factor was exclusively linked to the disorder.
  • Castration improved behavior in 70% of affected stallions; medications and management changes offered partial relief in some cases.

Conclusions:

  • ESMB is a complex behavioral syndrome in horses with diverse clinical presentations.
  • While some treatments show promise, the underlying etiology requires further investigation.
  • The syndrome shares similarities with Tourette's syndrome in humans, suggesting potential neurological underpinnings.