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Physical function and social class among Swedish oldest old

M G Parker1, M Thorslund, O Lundberg

  • 1Department of Social Medicine, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.

Journal of Gerontology
|July 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Older adults

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Sociology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Social determinants of health significantly impact aging.
  • Understanding socioeconomic disparities in later life physical function is crucial for targeted interventions.
  • Previous occupation is a key indicator of social class and lifelong socioeconomic status.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between social class, determined by previous occupation, and physical ability in older adults.
  • To determine if differences in physical function exist across social classes in the elderly population.
  • To provide evidence for the role of socioeconomic factors in maintaining physical function in advanced age.

Main Methods:

  • A nationally representative survey of 537 individuals aged 77-98.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Physical ability was assessed using activities of daily living (ADL), a mobility index, and objective performance tests.
  • Social class was categorized based on participants' previous occupational roles (e.g., white-collar vs. blue-collar).

    • Main Results:

    • A significant positive correlation was observed between social class and physical function in older adults.
    • Former white-collar workers demonstrated superior physical function compared to former blue-collar workers across all measured aspects.
    • These disparities in physical function were statistically significant for activities of daily living, mobility, and performance tests.

    Conclusions:

    • Social class, as indicated by prior occupation, is a significant predictor of physical ability in very old age.
    • Socioeconomic factors contribute to disparities in physical function, highlighting potential inequalities in health trajectories.
    • Interventions aimed at improving physical function in older populations should consider socioeconomic background and its long-term effects.