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Related Experiment Videos

Evidence for a recent decrease in measles susceptibility among young American adults

B L Smoak1, W L Novakoski, C J Mason

  • 1Division of Preventive Medicine, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100.

The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|July 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

US Army immunization policies were evaluated, showing a significant decrease in measles seronegativity among soldiers from 20% in 1989 to 12.5% in 1990. This suggests improved immunity, though the cause remains unclear.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Immunology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • US Army immunization policies require ongoing evaluation to ensure troop health.
  • Serologic surveys are crucial for assessing population immunity to vaccine-preventable diseases.
  • Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) are significant concerns in young adult populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate changes in antibody status to measles, mumps, and rubella among US Army soldiers.
  • To assess the effectiveness of immunization policies within a basic training center.
  • To identify trends in seronegativity rates over a one-year period.

Main Methods:

  • Two cross-sectional serologic surveys were conducted in 1989 and 1990.
  • Antibody status was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

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  • Data included 969 soldiers in 1989 and 992 soldiers in 1990.

    • Main Results:

    • Measles seronegativity rates significantly decreased from 21.3% in 1989 to 12.5% in 1990 (P < .001).
    • Mumps and rubella seronegativity rates also decreased but did not reach statistical significance.
    • Significant reductions in measles seronegativity were noted in younger, white, male, and female subgroups.

    Conclusions:

    • There is evidence of declining susceptibility to measles among young adult soldiers.
    • The observed decline in seronegativity may be attributed to increased immunization or natural disease exposure.
    • Further research is needed to determine the precise factors contributing to improved immunity.