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Pentose utilization by the ruminal bacterium Ruminococcus albus

B Thurston1, K A Dawson, H J Strobel

  • 1Department of Animal Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40546-0215.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology
|April 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Ruminococcus albus prefers cellobiose over pentoses, repressing their metabolism. Monosaccharide uptake in this fibrolytic bacterium is ATP-dependent, not proton motive force-driven.

Area of Science:

  • Microbial metabolism
  • Rumen microbiology
  • Bacterial physiology

Background:

  • Ruminococcus albus is a key fibrolytic bacterium in the rumen, crucial for degrading hemicellulose.
  • Limited understanding exists regarding pentose sugar utilization by R. albus and hexose sugar influence on this process.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate pentose metabolism in Ruminococcus albus.
  • To elucidate the impact of hexose sugars on pentose utilization pathways.
  • To characterize monosaccharide transport mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Enzymatic assays to determine metabolic pathways.
  • Sugar transport studies using radiolabeled compounds.
  • Analysis of enzyme activity and sugar uptake under different conditions.

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Main Results:

  • R. albus metabolizes pentoses via the pentose phosphate pathway with constitutive transketolase activity.
  • Cellobiose is preferentially utilized over pentoses (xylose, arabinose), repressing pentose metabolism.
  • Glucose and xylose share a common transport system, while glucose noncompetitively inhibits arabinose transport.
  • Monosaccharide uptake is independent of proton motive force and correlated with intracellular ATP levels, suggesting ATP-hydrolysis driven transport.

Conclusions:

  • Hexose sugars, particularly cellobiose, can significantly repress pentose metabolism in R. albus through various mechanisms.
  • Monosaccharide transport in R. albus is primarily driven by ATP hydrolysis, diverging from typical proton motive force-dependent systems.