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3-dimensional auditory displays: development, applications, and performance

R L McKinley¹, M A Erickson, W R D'Angelo

¹Armstrong Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433-6578.

Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine

|May 1, 1994

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3-D audio display technology creates realistic external sound illusions for pilots. This virtual audio system enhances situational awareness and reduces workload in fighter aircraft applications.

Area of Science:

Acoustics
Human-Computer Interaction
Aerospace Engineering

Background:

Virtual or 3-D audio display technology synthesizes headphone signals to create an external sound illusion.
This technology has advanced to become a practical reality.

Purpose of the Study:

To present the development, applications, and performance of 3-D audio display technology.
To evaluate its potential in fighter aircraft environments.

Main Methods:

Laboratory testing to measure localization error, minimum audible angle, and speech intelligibility.
Flight testing to assess audio-cued target acquisition, acquisition times, speech intelligibility, situational awareness, and pilot workload.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

Laboratory tests showed average azimuth localization error of ~5 degrees and minimum audible angle of ~5 degrees.

Speech intelligibility improved by up to 28% in laboratory settings.

Flight tests confirmed successful audio-cued target acquisition and reported subjective improvements in speech intelligibility, situational awareness, and reduced pilot workload.

Conclusions:

3-D audio display technology is effective in enhancing pilot performance in fighter aircraft.
The technology offers significant improvements in situational awareness and workload reduction.
Further research is recommended for future development and application.