Increases in neuronal bursting recorded from the chick lobus parolfactorius after training are both time-dependent...

Day-old-chicks can be trained in one trial to avoid a methylanthranilate-coated bead (methyl-chicks). The lobus parolfactorius of the chick forebrain is an important structure for memory of this avoidance response. To examine training-induced electrophysiological changes in this structure, spontaneous neuronal bursting activity was measured from the lobus parolfactorius of anaesthetized, day-old methyl- and water-chicks (the latter chicks trained to peck at a water-coated bead) over the period 1-10 h post-test. Bursting was significantly higher in methyl-chicks over this period. This post-test increase was time-dependent: bursting in methyl-chicks was significantly higher only during the period 4-7 h post-test. In a second experiment, methyl-chicks were subjected to brief, subconvulsive electroshock 5 min post-training. When tested 1 h later about half of these chicks showed recall (avoided the bead) and half were amnesic (pecked the bead). These chicks were anaesthetized and bursting was recorded from the lobus parolfactorius. Chicks that showed recall exhibited a significantly higher level of bursting over the period 1-10 h post-test when compared to chicks that were amnesic. The time course of bursting was similar to that seen in non-electroshocked methyl-chicks. These results suggest that passive avoidance training induces a memory-specific, time-dependent increase in neuronal activity within the lobus parolfactorius of day-old chicks. This increase may be directly associated with long-term consolidation of memory for the task.