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Related Experiment Videos

Quantitative computed tomography detects air trapping due to asthma

K B Newman1, D A Lynch, L S Newman

  • 1Department of Medicine, National Jewish Center for Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Denver.

Chest
|July 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Quantitative CT effectively identifies air trapping in asthma patients. This imaging technique correlates with pulmonary function tests, aiding in assessing disease severity and potentially other airway conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness.
  • Accurate assessment of air trapping is crucial for managing asthma severity and guiding treatment.
  • Current methods for assessing air trapping may have limitations in sensitivity and specificity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prospectively evaluate the efficacy of quantitative computed tomography (QCT) in differentiating asthmatic patients from healthy controls.
  • To investigate the correlation between QCT findings and pulmonary function test (PFT) results in asthmatic patients and controls.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 18 adult asthmatics and 22 healthy adults underwent QCT at end-inspiration and end-expiration.

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  • QCT images were analyzed for the percentage of pixels below -900 Hounsfield units (pixel index) to quantify air trapping.
  • Pulmonary function tests (FEV1, FVC, FRC, RV, TLC) were performed on all participants.

    • Main Results:

    • Expiratory QCT demonstrated a significantly higher mean pixel index in asthmatic subjects compared to controls (p < 0.004 for CT, p < 0.0001 for HRCT).
    • Lower lung zone images acquired at end-expiration provided the best differentiation between asthmatics and controls.
    • The expiratory pixel index showed significant correlation with FEV1, FRC, and RV, reflecting air trapping and airflow limitation in asthmatics.

    Conclusions:

    • Expiratory QCT is a valuable tool for assessing air trapping in asthma.
    • QCT-derived measures of abnormal lung are significantly correlated with PFTs indicative of air trapping in asthmatics.
    • QCT may assist in evaluating air trapping in other airway diseases.