Chondrosarcoma of the larynx: challenges in diagnosis and management

Chondrosarcoma is a rare neoplasm of the larynx with approximately 200 cases reported in the literature. The infrequent occurrence of this neoplasm, and its indolent pattern of growth, can result in a delayed or missed diagnosis, thereby jeopardizing the preservation of laryngeal function. Four cases of chondrosarcoma of the larynx are presented demonstrating the challenges in the diagnosis and management of this neoplasm. Conservation surgery remains the mainstay of therapy aiming towards preservation of the framework and function of the larynx. Two innovative reconstructive techniques are presented which made conservation laryngeal surgery possible in two of the four patients. Indeed, surgical resection with sound oncologic principles must be applied and total laryngectomy may be necessary. On rare occasion radiotherapy may be used, although its value remains controversial.