Reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome

There has been increasing interest in reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome (RSDS) over the past decade. This trend has continued over the past 2 years with the publication of a number of reports and studies, many of which are reviewed here. Progress has been made in understanding RSDS, with the demonstration of increased alpha-adrenergic receptor activity in peripheral nerves following injury. Release of alpha-adrenergic agonists from sympathetic nerve terminals may then cause nociceptor activation and pain. Use of phentolamine, an alpha-adrenergic receptor inhibitor, in a diagnostic test may provide a more specific method for recognizing RSDS.