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Type D primate retroviruses: a review

D Fine, G Schochetman

    Cancer Research
    |October 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (MPMV), a type D retrovirus, was found in primate mammary tumors and has transforming potential. Immunological studies reveal cross-reactivities among primate retroviruses, aiding in detecting new ones.

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    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Oncology
    • Primate Retroviruses

    Background:

    • Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (MPMV) is the prototype type D retrovirus, isolated from a rhesus monkey mammary carcinoma.
    • MPMV is significant as the only primate retrovirus from a mammary tumor with in vitro primate cell transforming potential.
    • Similar viruses have been found in normal primate tissues and in other monkey species, suggesting broader prevalence.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the immunological relatedness of type D retroviruses.
    • To explore the potential for detecting novel primate retroviruses using cross-reactivity studies.
    • To assess the diagnostic utility of interspecies retroviral protein cross-reactivities.

    Main Methods:

    • Nucleic acid hybridization to determine viral origins (endogenous vs. horizontal).

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  • Immunological studies to analyze cross-reactivities between major internal and external viral proteins.
  • Analysis of natural sera from monkeys to detect interspecies reactivities.

    • Main Results:

    • MPMV appears horizontally related to langur monkey isolates, while squirrel monkey viruses are endogenous.
    • Type D retroviruses show interspecies cross-reactivities in their proteins.
    • Cross-reactivities extend to type C baboon endogenous virus glycoproteins.
    • Interspecies reactivities are detectable in natural primate sera.

    Conclusions:

    • Primate retroviruses, including type D and C, share cross-reactive determinants.
    • These findings offer a method for detecting known and potentially new primate retroviruses.
    • The study suggests a pathway for developing new diagnostic assays for human retroviruses.