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Related Experiment Videos

Reversible cognitive decline during high-dose alpha-interferon treatment

E Poutiainen1, L Hokkanen, M L Niemi

  • 1Department of Neurology, University of Helsinki, Finland.

Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior
|April 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

High-dose human leukocyte alpha-interferon (IFN-alpha) treatment caused temporary cognitive decline in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients. Cognitive function improved after treatment, indicating a reversible central nervous system effect.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease.
  • Human leukocyte alpha-interferon (IFN-alpha) is used in some treatments, but its cognitive effects require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the cognitive effects of high-dose IFN-alpha treatment in patients with spinal ALS.
  • To confirm reversible cognitive performance changes and rule out confounding factors.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled study involving 15 newly diagnosed spinal ALS patients.
  • Neuropsychological evaluation of 12 IFN-alpha treated patients and 3 placebo controls using tests of intelligence, memory, complex processing, visuoconstruction, writing, and calculation.

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Main Results:

  • IFN-alpha treated patients showed significant cognitive deterioration during treatment in digit span backwards, verbal memory, calculation, and writing speed.
  • Cognitive function improved post-treatment in the IFN-alpha group.
  • Placebo group demonstrated learning effects across repeated assessments, ruling out fever as a cause for IFN-alpha group's decline.

Conclusions:

  • High-dose IFN-alpha treatment induces reversible cognitive deterioration in ALS patients.
  • These findings suggest a direct central nervous system (CNS) effect of IFN-alpha during treatment.