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Related Experiment Videos

Normalization of spine densitometry

R B Mazess1, H Barden, C Mautalen

  • 1Lunar Corporation, Madison, Wisconsin.

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
|April 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Bone mineral density (BMD) is optimal for bone densitometry, offering better diagnostic sensitivity and precision than bone mineral content (BMC) or volumetric density (BMAD). BMD minimizes body size influence, aiding in identifying osteoporosis risk.

Area of Science:

  • Osteoporosis Research
  • Bone Densitometry
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) are key metrics in osteoporosis assessment.
  • Volumetric bone mineral apparent density (BMAD) is a transformation explored for improved analysis.
  • Understanding the impact of these metrics on body size, diagnostic sensitivity, and precision is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate how different transformations of bone mineral measurements influence body size dependence, diagnostic sensitivity, and precision.
  • To determine the optimal expression for bone densitometry in postmenopausal women.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated transformations of BMC, BMD, and BMAD in 657 normal postmenopausal women and 327 with osteoporotic fractures.

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  • Assessed body size dependence, diagnostic sensitivity (Z scores), and precision error for each transformation.

    • Main Results:

    • BMAD showed reduced body size dependence (8% variation) compared to BMC (21%) and BMD (15%).
    • BMD exhibited the lowest precision error (0.5%) compared to BMC (1.1%) and BMAD (0.7%).
    • BMD provided optimal diagnostic sensitivity and minimal body size influence, making it the preferred metric.

    Conclusions:

    • Bone mineral density (BMD) is the optimal expression for bone densitometry due to its balance of diagnostic sensitivity, precision, and minimal body size dependence.
    • Osteoporotic women, even early postmenopausally, often present with low spine BMD, small vertebral area, and low body weight, indicating high crush fracture risk.