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Mouse hepatitis virus receptors: more than a single carcinoembryonic antigen

K Yokomori1, M M Lai

  • 1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles.

Archives of Virology. Supplementum
|January 1, 1994
PubMed

Insights

Mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) uses different forms of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as a receptor. However, MHV entry into cells also requires additional cellular factors beyond CEA.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Mouse hepatitis virus (MHV), a murine coronavirus, is known to use carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as its cellular receptor.
  • Understanding viral entry mechanisms is crucial for developing antiviral strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of different carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) isoforms and sequences in mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) infection.
  • To identify additional cellular factors required for MHV entry beyond the viral receptor.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing different mouse strains and cell lines expressing various CEA isoforms.
  • Performing biochemical studies to analyze virus-cell interactions and identify blockades in viral entry.

Main Results:

  • MHV can utilize alternatively spliced CEA isoforms and CEA molecules with different sequences as functional viral receptors.
  • Some cell lines expressing functional CEA are resistant to MHV infection, indicating entry is blocked.
  • Biochemical analysis revealed that MHV entry is inhibited at post-receptor binding stages.

Conclusions:

  • MHV tropism is regulated by multiple CEA variants and additional cellular factors.
  • Viral entry into host cells is a complex process requiring more than just the primary viral receptor.
  • Identifying these additional factors is key to understanding MHV pathogenesis and tropism.

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