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Test methods to simulate high-temperature exposure

N de Kruijf1, R Rijk

  • 1TNO Nutrition and Food Research, Zeist, The Netherlands.

Food Additives and Contaminants
|March 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Migration testing for microwave food packaging needs realistic conditions. Current regulations use overly harsh tests; proposed updates ensure accurate overall migration assessments using conventional heating methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Food Science
  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Current food packaging regulations often mandate migration tests under conditions more severe than actual use.
  • This discrepancy can lead to unrealistic assessments of overall migration from packaging materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare overall migration from packaging materials into food simulants under microwave heating versus conventional legislative conditions.
  • To propose revised testing conditions for more accurate migration assessments of microwave packaging.

Main Methods:

  • Migration tests were conducted using microwave and conventional ovens with food simulants.
  • Overall migration was measured under various time and temperature conditions, including proposed higher temperatures.
  • The performance of iso-octane as a food simulant was evaluated under high-temperature conditions.

Main Results:

  • Conventional oven tests with current regulations yield excessively severe conditions compared to practical microwave use.
  • Proposed additional test conditions (e.g., 30 min/1 hr at >121°C, 130°C) enable realistic migration testing.
  • Iso-octane showed good agreement with olive oil for overall migration determination under conventional high-temperature conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Overall migration behavior of microwave packaging materials can be reliably assessed using conventional heating migration testing.
  • Existing food packaging regulations should incorporate revised, more realistic test conditions for microwave applications.
  • Iso-octane is a suitable simulant for high-temperature overall migration testing under conventional conditions.

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