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Photoallergic contact dermatitis to oxybenzone

P Collins¹, J Ferguson

¹Department of Dermatology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, U.K.

The British Journal of Dermatology

|July 1, 1994

Summary

Oxybenzone in sunscreens can cause photoallergic reactions, leading to skin rashes on sun-exposed areas. This allergic reaction, known as oxybenzone photoallergy, requires careful consideration of sunscreen ingredients.

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Area of Science:

Dermatology
Photodermatology
Allergology

Background:

Sunscreen use is crucial for photoprotection.
Benzophenones, like oxybenzone, are common UV filters in sunscreens.
Photoallergic reactions to sunscreen ingredients are a recognized concern.

Observation:

A young woman presented with a rash on sun-exposed skin after using an oxybenzone-based sunscreen.
Clinical presentation included erythematous papulovesicles.
Histological examination and patch testing were performed.

Findings:

Patch testing and photopatch testing confirmed photoallergy to oxybenzone.
Photopatch testing revealed abnormal UVA responses, manifesting as immediate urticaria and delayed dermatitis.
Histology supported the diagnosis of photoallergic contact dermatitis.

Implications:

Oxybenzone and other benzophenones may induce photoallergic reactions.
Sunscreen formulations containing these ingredients carry a risk of photocontact allergy.
Awareness of potential photoallergens is important for both patients and clinicians.

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