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The first t-test

S Senn1, W Richardson

  • 1Medicine and Clinical Development Department, CIBA, Basle, Switzerland.

Statistics in Medicine
|April 30, 1994
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study re-examines clinical trial data used by Student and Fisher, highlighting misinterpretations of early pharmacological trial results. It provides a historical and statistical review of the Kalamazoo trial data.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Statistics
  • Medical History

Background:

  • The study critically analyzes the data used by "Student" (William Sealy Gosset) to illustrate his famous t-distribution.
  • It focuses on the within-patient clinical trial conducted at Kalamazoo, initially published by Cushny and Peebles.

Observation:

  • The Kalamazoo trial data was notably misquoted by "Student" and later by R.A. Fisher.
  • The research examines the trial from historical, pharmacological, and statistical viewpoints.

Findings:

  • A comparative analysis of "Student's" and Fisher's statistical interpretations is presented.
  • A modern statistical analysis by Preece is also considered alongside Cushny and Peebles's original interpretation.
  • The study includes brief biographies of the five physicians involved in the Kalamazoo trial.

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Implications:

  • This work clarifies historical statistical applications in pharmacology.
  • It underscores the importance of accurate data interpretation in clinical research.
  • The findings contribute to a better understanding of the t-distribution's early applications and potential misuses.