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Related Experiment Videos

Hydrogen peroxide effects on rat mast cell function

D B Peden1, L Dailey, W DeGraff

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 27599.

The American Journal of Physiology
|July 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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High concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) can damage mast cells and inhibit their proliferation, affecting allergic responses. However, physiologically relevant H2O2 levels do not impact mast cell function or cause cytotoxicity.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Oxidant exposure is implicated in asthma and allergic rhinitis pathophysiology.
  • Mast cells are crucial in asthma, and oxidants can trigger their degranulation and modulate IgE-mediated responses.
  • Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an oxidant produced by inflammatory cells and environmental interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate H2O2's effects on RBL-2H3 mast cell responses.
  • To determine H2O2's impact on IgE and calcium ionophore A23187-induced mast cell activation.
  • To assess H2O2-induced cytotoxicity, DNA damage, and proliferation inhibition in mast cells.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the RBL-2H3 mast cell line for experiments.
  • Exposed mast cells to various concentrations of H2O2.

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  • Measured mast cell responses including prostaglandin D2 generation, serotonin release, degranulation, cytotoxicity, DNA damage, and proliferation.

    • Main Results:

    • High H2O2 concentrations (0.2-20 mM) induced DNA damage, inhibited proliferation, enhanced prostaglandin D2 generation, and caused serotonin release.
    • Degranulation responses to IgE or A23187 were diminished by high H2O2 concentrations (0.2-2.0 mM).
    • Low H2O2 concentrations (0.005-0.02 mM) showed no significant effect on mast cell function or cytotoxicity.

    Conclusions:

    • H2O2-induced mast cell responses and modulation of IgE/A23187-mediated activation occur only at high, cytotoxic concentrations.
    • Physiologically relevant H2O2 concentrations do not appear to significantly impact mast cell function or cytotoxicity.
    • These findings suggest that high-level H2O2 exposure may play a role in allergic airway inflammation, but lower levels may not.