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[Changes in physical disability among Japanese elderly]

I Tsuji1, Y Minami, A Fukao

  • 1Department of Public Health, Tohoku University School of Medicine.

[Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi] Japanese Journal of Public Health
|May 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Physical disability in the elderly is dynamic. While some develop dependency in activities of daily living (ADL), a significant portion can regain function, showing reversibility in aging populations.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Context:

  • Investigating the natural progression of physical disability in elderly populations.
  • Examining the ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL) over time.
  • Utilizing a probability sample of residents aged 65+ in Sendai City, Japan (1988-1991).

Purpose:

  • To assess the prevalence, incidence, and reversibility of ADL dependency among older adults.
  • To identify risk factors associated with mortality in ADL-dependent individuals.
  • To understand the dynamic nature of physical functioning in the elderly.

Summary:

  • In 1988, 7.2% of males and 7.9% of females reported ADL dependency, with bathing being the most common deficit.
  • ADL dependency at baseline significantly increased three-year mortality risk (Hazard Ratio 4.1).

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  • Between 1988 and 1991, 5.0% of males and 4.8% of females became ADL dependent, while about one-third of dependent individuals improved function.

    • Impact:

    • ADL functioning levels are highly dynamic in the elderly.
    • Physical disability among older adults is, to some extent, reversible.
    • Findings highlight the importance of monitoring and interventions for maintaining functional independence in aging populations.